Polis (Santiago)
type: channel
description: POLIS, Revista latinoamericana, es una publicación científica internacional de carácter latinoamericano, dirigida a académicos/as, investigadores/as y profesionales de las ciencias sociales y en general a un público amplio interesado en aquellos temas que les conciernen como ciudadanos. Polis, Revista Latinoamericana, busca contribuir al desarrollo de una universidad “extendida”, en la cual la creación de conocimientos no sea más monopolio institucional, sino que una tarea colectiva del conjunto de la sociedad. POLIS es una revista que publica de forma cuatrimestral en los meses de enero, mayo y septiembre.Cada número está integrado por tres secciones: Lente de Aproximación (sección monográfica y temática que opera por convocatorias y da el nombre a cada número); Resultados de Investigación (sección de artículos de diversos temas, especialmente resultados de investigaciones recepcionados durante el año) y Reseñas (sección de recensiones criticas de libros publicados recientemente).
publisher: Universidad de Los Lagos
language: en
publication name: Polis (Santiago)
issn: 0717-6554
items: La Participación Vaciada: Regulación de la acción de las juntas de vecinos y demás organizaciones comunitarias en el Chile post-dictatorial
items: Inhabiting pain, transiting memory. Resistances and overlapping violences from the case of the former Fort El Morro in Talcahuano
items: Ciencias Sociales frente al Neoautoritarismo
items: Trayectorias conceptuales y modelos en tensión en torno a la gobernanza hídrica
items: New Forms of Spontaneous Organization in Land Occupations after the Social Uprising: The Case of Osorno, 2019
items: Medidas de protección en Chile: Aportes desde Trabajo Social Sociojurídico en los 100 años
items: ¿Hasta cuándo con la biopolítica? Precauciones sobre el uso y abuso de un concepto.
items: Human and non-human bodies that migrate: a review of studies of migrant objects
items: Aportes vs. expectativas de género: dilemas para la educación superior y la industria minera
items: Social norms and circumstantial power: analysis of driver-pedestrian interaction at unregulated pedestrian crossings
items: Capitalist modernization, middle classes, and social conflict: 20 years of social studies on credit and debt in Chile
items: From like to vote. Virtual social networks as a space for youth political socialization in Chile
items: Formando identidades STEM: el rol de las trayectorias personales y universitarias en estudiantes talentosas
items: Metodologías para la investigación social: debates y apuestas emergentes, nuevos abordajes, desafíos pendientes
items: Pedro S. Zulen. Gamonalismo y Centralismo. Estudio preliminar de W. Kapsoli y V. Mazzi Lima: Heraldos Editores, 2024.
items: A METHODOLOGICAL PROPOSAL FOR PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH WITH SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS
items: La interpretación de grupos focales como articulación de significaciones
items: Subjects interviewing subjects. A new interdisciplinary methodology for human experience research
items: Aprendizajes de la emergencia sanitaria por el covid-19 en Uruguay: De la libertad responsable a la responsabilidad colectiva.
items: Segmentos y perfiles laborales de mujeres aymaras residentes en el norte de Chile
items: Notes on the anthropology of the digital: challenges, opportunities from various perspectives in social research
items: Co-producción de conocimiento a través de imágenes (Fotovoz) sobre los procesos de identificación/diferenciación de jóvenes hijos(as) de migrantes nacidos y/o escolarizados en Chile
items: Avatars of an investigation at the frontiers
items: Dilemmas in fieldwork with migrants in an intermediate city
items: Collaborative ethnography in a border context with migrant children: theoretical-methodological reflections.
items: Discrimination against South American migrants in Argentina: intersections between gender, social class, and ethnic-national origin
items: https://polis.ulagos.cl/en/article/view/3313
items: Antinuclear Movements in Latin America: Opposing Nuclear Power in Argentinean Patagonia
items: Sexual abuse in Honduras: A psychosocial look from the perspective of the native population
items: Gender roles and overacting in the face of institutional violence: experiences of relatives of persons deprived of liberty in Chile who participate in the Renaciendo social reintegration program

La Participación Vaciada: Regulación de la acción de las juntas de vecinos y demás organizaciones comunitarias en el Chile post-dictatorial
type: item
description: En Chile, las organizaciones comunitarias han sido claves en el aporte a las transformaciones sociales, presentando dinámicas oscilantes de avances y retrocesos. No obstante, estas organizaciones han quedado relegadas a un lugar secundario en el análisis de los cambios que acontecen en la sociedad chilena contemporánea. Considerando su centralidad en la vida social, el presente estudio buscó comprender el modo en que se van moldeando normativamente las condiciones de participación de las juntas de vecinos y organizaciones comunitarias en el Chile postdictatorial. A través de la revisión de la Historia de la Ley 19.418 y por medio de un análisis de discurso de las argumentaciones del debate parlamentario se construyeron 4 grandes ejes analíticos: (1) participación como garantía de la democracia, (2) participación instrumental, (3) participación “libre y diversa” y (4) participación inocua. De este modo, el marco regulatorio modula condiciones para una participación limitada y vaciada constreñida en sus repertorios de acción y capacidad de injerencia social y política. Se concluye como los marcos regulatorios limitan la acción de las organizaciones promoviendo ciertos modos de funcionamiento propios de una sociedad neoliberal. Se problematiza el desborde de los marcos regulatorios para poder comprender el trabajo de las organizaciones comunitarias y sus posibilidades de agencia.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
creator: Javiera Pavez Mena
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 171
ending page: 207
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2025-N71-4107

Inhabiting pain, transiting memory. Resistances and overlapping violences from the case of the former Fort El Morro in Talcahuano
type: item
description: This article analyzes the process of memorialization of the Historical Monument and Memory Site of the former Fort El Morro de Talcahuano, located in the Biobío Region, Chile, with the particularity of its condition of being a space where multiple historical layers converge and intertwine. Through an analysis of primary sources, product of the interviews conducted during this research, we will explore how the practices –both memorial and management—developed by survivors, relatives of victims and human rights organizations, especially the Corporación Mutualista Bautista van Schouwen Vasey, produce contested meanings in the face of attempts at symbolic and institutional oblivion or resignification. It is concluded that the analysis of the practices of memorialization and special resignification of the former Fort El Morro carried out by the Mutual allows us to understand how, in the face of past and present violence, forms of resistance emerge that recover the integrity of the social body through the collective production of meaning.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: memory
  topic: keywords
subject: site of memory
  topic: keywords
subject: dictatorship
  topic: keywords
subject: memorialization
  topic: keywords
subject: urban heritage
  topic: keywords
creator: José Miguel Fuentes Zuleta
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Polis (Santiago) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-25
publication date: 2026-03-25
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2025-N71-3971

Ciencias Sociales frente al Neoautoritarismo
type: item
description: El año 2025 trae cuatro elecciones presidenciales en América Latina. Entre ellas, está la que enfrentará Chile este 16 de noviembre. Las marcas de las coyunturas críticas de los últimos 6 años como el estallido social, la pandemia y las elecciones de cambio de constitución generaron posibilidades de cambios institucionales que finalmente resultaron ser frustradas. En materia de cultura política, el cambio parece haber sido más fructífero frente a los desafíos de seguridad pública, inmigración y estancamiento económico. Esta cultura política neoautoritaria se ha fortalecido al punto que reconoce en la democracia liberal la oportunidad de llevar a cabo proyectos implantados por la fuerza y la violencia de Estado en décadas anteriores. Sin embargo, la nostalgia por la dictadura de Pinochet y la negación de la violación a los Derechos Humanos sigue creciendo en paralelo a esta supuesto avance civilizatorio de la derecha tradicional chilena. La cultura política del neo-autoritarismo sale en forma creciente de su estado latente y desafía una serie de principios que se creían consensuados en la democracia chilena postdictadura.
subject: EDITORIAL
  topic: section
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2025-12-21
publication date: 2025-12-21
starting page: 7
ending page: 9
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2025-N70-4086

Trayectorias conceptuales y modelos en tensión en torno a la gobernanza hídrica
type: item
description: The article is an essay that analyzes the use and contemporary discussions surrounding the concept of water governance. To organize the debate, a typology was constructed based on: how they define and value the concept of water governance, what type of participation they promote, the role assigned to conflict, and the political horizon they propose. The result was a typology with three approaches: institutionalist, participatory, and radically critical. The institutionalist approach is mainly expressed through Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), which introduces the concept of water governance, favoring technical knowledge and an economic vision. Throughout the concept's development, visions have emerged that react against the reductionism of the institutionalist approach and propose, in the case of the participatory approach, more complex visions in which technical management gives way to polycentric, participatory, adaptive, and learning-based governance. For its part, the critical perspective takes a more radical stance that questions the very foundations of water governance as proposed by multilateral organizations. Within this approach, there is a bifurcation between those who propose abandoning the term and those who advocate for a reinterpretation of its meaning.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: Gobernanza del agua
  topic: keywords
subject: gestión integradora de los recursos hídricos
  topic: keywords
subject: participación
  topic: keywords
subject: enfoques críticos
  topic: keywords
subject: disputa conceptual
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2026-01-08
publication date: 2026-01-08
starting page: 103
ending page: 140
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2025-N71-4041

New Forms of Spontaneous Organization in Land Occupations after the Social Uprising: The Case of Osorno, 2019
type: item
description: This article examines the process of disanchoring traditional sociopolitical alliances in recent land occupations (tomas de terreno) in Chile, focusing on the case of the city of Osorno following the 2019 social uprising. Unlike in previous periods—when political parties, social movements, or religious institutions played a key intermediary role—current dynamics reveal a spontaneous organization led by actors excluded from the formal housing system. Through a qualitative methodology—including ten semi-structured interviews and an analysis of the local press—the study explores the conditions that enabled the reactivation of this repertoire of collective action. The findings indicate that the uprising opened a window of opportunity for autonomous mobilization, driven by emotional and cognitive transformations that gave rise to new forms of organization. These forms are characterized by principles of equality, intensive use of social networks, and a strong component of community work. It is proposed that these experiences be interpreted as expressions of situated agency, which challenge institutional pathways to housing access and reframe the territory as a political space.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: Tomas de terreno
  topic: keywords
subject: pobladores
  topic: keywords
subject: espontaneidad
  topic: keywords
subject: estallido social
  topic: keywords
subject: Osorno
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2026-01-08
publication date: 2026-01-08
starting page: 68
ending page: 102
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2025-N71-3966

Medidas de protección en Chile: Aportes desde Trabajo Social Sociojurídico en los 100 años
type: item
description: La conmemoración de los cien años del Trabajo Social en Chile y América Latina constituye una oportunidad para revisar críticamente su trayectoria en el ámbito sociojurídico, particularmente en la protección de la infancia. Este estudio analiza el comportamiento de las medidas de protección y vulneraciones de derechos tramitadas por los Tribunales de Familia en Chile entre 2015 y 2024, comparando tres períodos sociohistóricos: pre-pandemia, pandemia y post-pandemia. A partir de un diseño cuantitativo descriptivo-comparativo, se analizaron bases de datos del Poder Judicial, que comprenden 7.830.374 ingresos por materia y 6.595.889 causas. El tratamiento estadístico incluyó análisis de tendencias, segmentación por clúster temporal y regresiones. Los hallazgos evidencian un incremento sostenido de las medidas de protección, con un alza abrupta durante la pandemia. Se constata una persistente judicialización de la infancia, con énfasis en materias como vulneración de derechos, alimentos y relación directa y regular. Se concluye que estas medidas reflejan procesos estructurales de exclusión social, desigualdad y fragilidad institucional. El Trabajo Social Socio jurídico es convocado a tensionar estas lógicas, promoviendo intervenciones críticas, situadas y garantistas, que fortalezcan el rol ético-político de la profesión y contribuyan a la restitución efectiva de derechos de niños, niñas y adolescentes.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: análisis longitudinal
  topic: keywords
subject: medidas de protección
  topic: keywords
subject: series temporales
  topic: keywords
subject: Trabajo Social sociojurídico
  topic: keywords
subject: tribunales de familia
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2026-01-08
publication date: 2026-01-08
starting page: 35
ending page: 69
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2025-N71-3935

¿Hasta cuándo con la biopolítica? Precauciones sobre el uso y abuso de un concepto.
type: item
description: Acerca de biopolítica se habla demasiado, y se dice tristemente muy poco. La discusión respecto a los alcances y límites del concepto de biopolítica ha sido planteada en disciplinas distantes o poco dialogantes con la Ciencia Política, y en consecuencia se ha perdido de vista tanto la teorización como la aplicación política del concepto, su estiramiento conceptual y en particular las repercusiones que se siguen de su uso inapropiado. En tal sentido, a través de una breve revisión de historia conceptual, buscamos presentar las formas en que el concepto de biopolítica no solo ha mutado y se ha desfigurado, sino que encuentra antecedentes teóricos anteriores a la problematización de Michel Foucault, e incluso debe mucho de su éxito y propagación a factores contextuales, institucionales e incluso históricos en la Ciencia Política, y en cierta medida también en los Estudios críticos de Seguridad, antes que exclusivamente en la Filosofía y Humanidades. El primer apartado nos presenta una breve discusión respecto al concepto, sus usos y alcances, mientras que las secciones segunda, tercera y cuarta, presentan tres enfoques distintos y dan cuenta de las recepciones del concepto de biopolítica en contextos históricos y académicos diferentes. Finalmente, el quinto y último apartado presenta consideraciones finales respecto al problema en la actualidad.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: Biopolítica
  topic: keywords
subject: ciencia política
  topic: keywords
subject: estudios críticos de seguridad
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2026-01-08
publication date: 2026-01-08
starting page: 11
ending page: 34
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2025-N71-3759

Human and non-human bodies that migrate: a review of studies of migrant objects
type: item
description: Generally, studies on transnational migrations have focused their attention on an anthropocentric and humanist perspective, without sufficiently considering the materiality on which migratory trajectories are also based. Therefore, this article develops, through a bibliographic review of studies, the lines of argument by which both epistemologically and methodologically the semiotic-material relationship in transnational mobilities is considered in research. In the findings, analyzes can be found in different contexts and countries that consider migrating objects or as elicitors of the experiences and lives of migrant subjects; or as enhancers of reaffirmations or new processes of individual and collective subjectification, and/or triggers of various forms of migrant memories. However, there is less analytical development on the agency and potential that objects and artifacts themselves possess to promote, limit, authorize or enhance human mobilities.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: Objects, artifacts, memories, agency, migration
  topic: keywords
subject: objects
  topic: keywords
subject: artefacts
  topic: keywords
subject: memories
  topic: keywords
subject: agency
  topic: keywords
subject: migration
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2025-11-10
publication date: 2025-11-10
starting page: 83
ending page: 111
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2025-N60-3717

Aportes vs. expectativas de género: dilemas para la educación superior y la industria minera
type: item
description: In 2022, female participation in STEM areas in Latin America and the Caribbean grew by 35%. However, this encouraging growth does not yet reflect a significant transformation in mining culture, given the gender dilemmas faced by women in this industry. The objective of this study is to analyze the tension between the contributions made by women vs. the expectations projected on them. The research was carried out from a gender perspective and its configuration in the STEM area. To do this, interviews were conducted: 12 individual interviews with female mining workers and 14 group interviews with technical and university level students. 39 women and 25 men from careers oriented to the sector participated. The results show coincidences among the interviewees, regarding the fact that women are aware that they contribute with communication skills, planning, leadership and responsibility in the sector, but at the same time they face high expectations to achieve notable performances in higher education and in the industry, because the male model of productivity that prevails in the sector operates in "favor of men" and not women.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: STEM; mining culture; gender; higher education.
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2025-11-10
publication date: 2025-11-10
starting page: 143
ending page: 175
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2025-N60-3775

Social norms and circumstantial power: analysis of driver-pedestrian interaction at unregulated pedestrian crossings
type: item
description: In the Chilean social context, inequality is often addressed in an abstract manner. However, this phenomenon also manifests itself in everyday situations, such as crossing a pedestrian crosswalk. The present research focuses on analyzing the behavior of drivers in terms of their willingness to yield to pedestrians. Through descriptive statistical analysis and logistic regression models, results were obtained that allow us to examine how people in positions of circumstantial power make use of this in everyday situations. The results suggest that drivers tend to not yield at pedestrian crossings regardless of the characteristics of the pedestrians. In addition, it was observed that drivers of American brand vehicles significantly tended not to respect the right of way. This suggests that those who hold circumstantial power tend to exercise it even at the cost of transgressing prescriptive norms (right of way). In this way, this research points to how circumstances of power asymmetry can tend to favor phenomena such as interactional inequalities and interpersonal distrust, underlining the importance of addressing the discrepancies between what should happen and what tends to happen by reflecting on the impact of such discrepancies in broader social processes.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: social norms
  topic: keywords
subject: interactional inequality
  topic: keywords
subject: circumstantial power
  topic: keywords
subject: pedestrian crossing
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2025-11-10
publication date: 2025-11-10
starting page: 41
ending page: 82
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2025-N60-3621

Capitalist modernization, middle classes, and social conflict: 20 years of social studies on credit and debt in Chile
type: item
description: This essay reviews the evolution of 20 years of social studies on household credit and indebtedness in Chile, highlighting their relevance for understanding the processes of financialization in Latin America. Three research agendas are addressed: i) an epochal and normative debate on the role of credit in capitalist transformation, the emergence of middle classes, and economic and social modernization; ii) a focus on the relationship between credit, consumption, stratification, and social mobility; iii) the process of producing credit subjects, exploring conflicting trajectories of indebtedness and their relation to the emergence of new political subjects and forms of collective action against debt. The paper concludes with reflections for further developing social studies of credit and debt in Chile.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: Credit
  topic: keywords
subject: indebtedness
  topic: keywords
subject: financialization
  topic: keywords
subject: middle classes
  topic: keywords
subject: social conflict
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2025-11-10
publication date: 2025-11-10
starting page: 177
ending page: 208
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2025-N60-3746

From like to vote. Virtual social networks as a space for youth political socialization in Chile
type: item
description: We investigate the role of virtual social networks as spaces for political socialization in a context of recurrent conventional political action in Chile and its respective consequences. Fourteen young university students participated, who through semi-structured interviews, related their experiences on the use of social networks as sources of political information. The results indicate that digital platforms are considered an important source of political socialization in times of electoral decisions, despite the fact that their use entails certain risks associated with post-truth, such as disinformation, the emergence of fake news and the lack of control over this scenario. The participants recognized that their political stance is influenced by the information shared on these networks, stressing the importance of developing critical skills to discern about the content consulted and presented. We conclude that social networks are powerful tools to foster citizen participation and political engagement, but their effectiveness or risk depends on the citizenship education and digital training that young people receive in this regard as spaces for political socialization.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: Political socialization
  topic: keywords
subject: Social networking
  topic: keywords
subject: Youth participation
  topic: keywords
subject: Citizenship
  topic: keywords
subject: Youth vote
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2025-11-10
publication date: 2025-11-10
starting page: 113
ending page: 141
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2025-N60-3873

Formando identidades STEM: el rol de las trayectorias personales y universitarias en estudiantes talentosas
type: item
description: The purpose of this qualitative study was to analyze how personal and university experiences influenced and enabled the construction of a female STEM identity (areas of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, acronym in English) in highly masculinized fields. The personal and university trajectories of 10 talented STEM career students were examined. The semi-structured interview technique was used and a content analysis of the interviews was carried out, with the purpose of identifying dimensions. The research revealed that the subdimensions: personal interest in STEM areas, family support in the development of abilities, school support in the development of STEM abilities, relational experience with other women and men (peers) and teachers, recognition from peers, teachers and family, significant milestones and obstacles, self-recognition and individual motivations were fundamental in the construction of STEM identity, as well as in the development of the personal identity of the interviewees.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: STEM women
  topic: keywords
subject: identity construction
  topic: keywords
subject: masculinized contexts
  topic: keywords
subject: self-efficacy
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2025-11-06
publication date: 2025-11-06
starting page: 11
ending page: 40
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2025-N60-3776

Metodologías para la investigación social: debates y apuestas emergentes, nuevos abordajes, desafíos pendientes
type: item
description: En un contexto signado por la exacerbación de las desigualdades económicas y por múltiples formas de violencia y de precarización de la vida, las ciencias sociales latinoamericanas se han visto interpeladas políticamente por las complejas transformaciones que han experimentado los fenómenos sociales contemporáneos.
subject: EDITORIAL
  topic: section
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2024-12-26
publication date: 2024-12-26
starting page: 5
ending page: 9
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2024-N69-3926

Pedro S. Zulen. Gamonalismo y Centralismo. Estudio preliminar de W. Kapsoli y V. Mazzi Lima: Heraldos Editores, 2024.
type: item
subject: COMENTARIOS Y RESEÑAS DE LIBROS
  topic: section
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2024-12-26
publication date: 2024-12-26
starting page: 325
ending page: 329
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2024-N69-3681

A METHODOLOGICAL PROPOSAL FOR PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH WITH SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS
type: item
description: This paper presents a methodological proposal whose purpose is to contribute, from experience, to the field of participatory action research with social organizations. We see this as a powerful approach for dialogue and the co-construction of knowledge between the public university and communities, aimed at transforming the realities they inhabit. The article combines descriptions and theoretical and empirical positions that have arisen and been built in the investigative process, around the central axis: the methodological plot, made up of different moments that guide and give substance to action research. The experience that gave life to the methodological plot consisted of a research work in which the socio-political organizational process of the “Coletivo de Trabajadorxs Sexuales - AMMAR (Asociación de Mujeres Meretrices de la Argentina) Río Cuarto” was reconstructed, from its formation (2015) until the year 2022, with emphasis on iconic moments of its development, such as its creation, the passage through the Covid-19 pandemic and the incorporation/affiliation to AMMAR. We share a brief summary of this experience.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: Research; action; participation; social organizations; methodological plot
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2024-12-26
publication date: 2024-12-26
starting page: 297
ending page: 323
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2024-N69-3736

La interpretación de grupos focales como articulación de significaciones
type: item
description: Los grupos focales suponen la recreación de interacciones sociales que actualizan y producen sentidos a investigar. El artículo se enfoca en las consecuencias metodológicas de entender la conformación de representaciones sociales como articulaciones significantes referidas a problemas públicos en el marco de grupos focales. Se critican las perspectivas que asimilan los focus a una puesta en común de miradas individuales latentes. A partir de entender la conformación de sentidos como articulaciones simbólicas, se desarrollan las características de los issues, el rol del moderador, el empleo de guías semiestructuradas, la conformación de los grupos y se proponen herramientas de análisis.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: Grupos focales; representaciones sociales; problemas públicos; rol del moderador
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2024-12-26
publication date: 2024-12-26
starting page: 243
ending page: 268
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2024-N69-3665

Subjects interviewing subjects. A new interdisciplinary methodology for human experience research
type: item
description: If nowadays there is enough evidence to sustain that subjective experience escapes from us and we filter the reality, why do we social scientists continue asking the same questions?, what do we get in response?, and how do we analyze the responses obtained? These methodological questions are the white elephant in the hegemonic room of our qualitative method per excellence, the interview; where despite having that feeling that there is something in the middle of the room which is so big and uncomfortable, that perhaps we prefer to continue ignoring it. But for those of us who seek to do different and applicable science which generates real solutions to the complex human problems of coexistence, microphenomenology emerges as an innovative view to face the challenge of subjectivitycof the interviewed and of the researchers.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: Microphenomenology, interview, subjective experience, interdiscipline.
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2024-12-26
publication date: 2024-12-26
starting page: 269
ending page: 296
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2024-N69-3730

Aprendizajes de la emergencia sanitaria por el covid-19 en Uruguay: De la libertad responsable a la responsabilidad colectiva.
type: item
description: La pandemia por el COVID-19 generó una serie de políticas de gobierno en el mundo ante las emergencias sanitarias. En Uruguay, el gobierno de turno propuso la libertad responsable como forma de evitar el contagio de la población. Esto trajo aparejado que no se profundizara en políticas públicas para las personas en situación de vulnerabilidad. El caso de estudio que presento es el de una olla popular en el barrio Capurro de la ciudad de Montevideo. Entiendo que el activismo del colectivo invistió desde abajo la política de gobierno hacia una responsabilidad colectiva. El objetivo es analizar la tensión entre el individualismo y la acción colectiva. Como resultado principal, propongo que la política desde abajo genera lazos de cuidado y protección a personas que son abandonadas o se les hace más difícil acceder a las políticas públicas de gobierno cuando estas son de naturaleza liberal en sus diversas formas. Palabras Clave: COVID-19; acción colectiva; responsabilidad colectiva; libertad responsable; ollas populares.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: COVID-19acción colectiva; responsabilidad colectiva; libertad responsable; ollas populares.
  topic: keywords
subject: COVID-19
  topic: keywords
subject: Acción Colectiva
  topic: keywords
subject: Libertad Responsable
  topic: keywords
subject: Responsabilidad Colectiva
  topic: keywords
subject: Ollas Populares
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2024-12-26
publication date: 2024-12-26
starting page: 209
ending page: 241
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2024-N69-3674

Segmentos y perfiles laborales de mujeres aymaras residentes en el norte de Chile
type: item
description: A partir de una revisión sociológica crítica de los estudios sobre mercados laborales y recogiendo las aportaciones de las perspectivas interseccionales y decoloniales, este artículo presenta una tipología de caracterización de segmentos y perfiles laborales de mujeres aymaras residentes en las regiones de Arica y Parinacota, Tarapacá, Antofagasta y Atacama, Chile. Por medio de la articulación de dos técnicas estadísticas (análisis de correspondencias múltiples y clúster de k-medias), combinamos la información de una serie de variables laborales, socioeconómicas y territoriales con el objeto de elaborar un sistema de clasificación de ocho grupos. El artículo pretende cubrir la ausencia de estudios específicos abocados a esta población, aportando una mejor comprensión de las diferentes actividades económicas, buscando explorar algunos factores de discriminación relevantes a la hora de pensar en la clasificación de los casos en grupos diferenciales.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: Género
  topic: keywords
subject: empleo femenino
  topic: keywords
subject: segmentación laboral
  topic: keywords
subject: mercados laborales
  topic: keywords
subject: mujeres aymaras
  topic: keywords
subject: interseccionalidad
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2024-12-26
publication date: 2024-12-26
starting page: 167
ending page: 207
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2024-N69-3320

Notes on the anthropology of the digital: challenges, opportunities from various perspectives in social research
type: item
description: In the context of my doctoral project on a digital cultural magazine, I reflect on the digitalization of social processes and social research, focusing on the challenges and opportunities faced by the Anthropology of the digital as a field, tool and object of research. The digital cultural magazine represents a space where the interaction between the online and offline worlds intertwine, offering a unique field of study to understand contemporary cultural dynamics. Digitalization has transformed the way social phenomena are researched and understood, presenting both opportunities and limitations. With these assumptions we explore theories that address multisites, points of view, intersectionality, feminist perspectives and digital ethnography, seeking to understand how the Anthropology of the digital influences social research and how we can adapt our tools and approaches to capture the richness of social processes in the digital environment.
subject: LENTE DE APROXIMACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: Digitalización; antropología de lo digital; abordaje multisitio; interseccionalidad; investigación socioantropológica.
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2024-12-26
publication date: 2024-12-26
starting page: 141
ending page: 165
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2024-N69-3741

Co-producción de conocimiento a través de imágenes (Fotovoz) sobre los procesos de identificación/diferenciación de jóvenes hijos(as) de migrantes nacidos y/o escolarizados en Chile
type: item
description: With this article we propose to contribute to the field of participatory and collaborative methodologies in social sciences, from the experiences with photovoice in Latin America. , from the investigation of the processes of identification and ethno-national belongings of the young children of migrants (born and/or schooled in Chile). We propose to conceive photovoice as a device for co-construction of knowledge of young people, showing the way in which it opens up space for the production of emerging knowledge that does not correspond only to what is already known. And also as a device for the production of group reflections in which youths have a place, no longer merely as participants but as collaborators too, in the analysis of the photographs produced by them in the inquiry process itself.
subject: LENTE DE APROXIMACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: Qualitative methodologies, participatory methodologies, photovoice, migrant’s youths
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2024-12-26
publication date: 2024-12-26
starting page: 109
ending page: 140
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2024-N69-3735

Avatars of an investigation at the frontiers
type: item
description: In this paper I reflect on the problems that can arise in the ethnographic process based on my experience in the field as a researcher and at the same time as a militant of a popular economy movement in the province of Jujuy, Argentina. Returning to the main discussions about the ethnographic method and presenting the difficulties in the field in light of my personal involvement, I propose possible solutions to multiple crossroads that arise in the field of study, such as militant research and the active participation of those who are part of it research based on the revaluation of their knowledge and their political praxis.
subject: LENTE DE APROXIMACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: Ethnographic method
  topic: keywords
subject: popular economy
  topic: keywords
subject: reflexivity
  topic: keywords
subject: activist research
  topic: keywords
subject: frontiers
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2024-12-16
publication date: 2024-12-16
starting page: 75
ending page: 108
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2024-N69-3657

Dilemmas in fieldwork with migrants in an intermediate city
type: item
description: In this article I seek to reflect on some of the challenges involved in conducting ethnographic fieldwork with Senegalese migrants in Río Cuarto, an intermediate city in Córdoba, Argentina. This methodological path allowed me to establish a particular bond with my interlocutors, where assigned roles and relationships were strained according to different ideas and appreciations around issues such as migration and gender. The reflexivity on the practices developed in the field allowed me to recognise and reconsider errors, limits and difficulties in the enquiry, emerging dilemmas in the use of categories, positions and prejudices. This paper is the result of the development of qualitative collection and analysis techniques, such as the re-reading of field notes on informal conversations, research and systematisation of thematic background and observation in different places in the city and different degrees of participation.
subject: LENTE DE APROXIMACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: Migration;
  topic: keywords
subject: senegalese;
  topic: keywords
subject: ethnography;
  topic: keywords
subject: Río Cuarto;
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2024-12-26
publication date: 2024-12-26
starting page: 43
ending page: 73
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2024-N69-3725

Collaborative ethnography in a border context with migrant children: theoretical-methodological reflections.
type: item
description: This article presents a theoretical-methodological reflection based on the experience of collaborative ethnographic fieldwork with irregular migrant girls and boys in the border region of Tarapacá, Chile, between the years 2023 and 2024. It introduces the concept of "child participatory mandate" to question the automatic application of ideals proposed by international organizations, promoting a critical reflection on child participation in social studies of childhood. It highlights collaborative ethnography as a respectful methodology that facilitates the co-construction of knowledge among girls and boys in border contexts. The main contributions of this paper include the innovative use of workshops and visual techniques to delve into the complex experiences of migrant childhoods, criticizing conventional norms of citizenship and rights.
subject: LENTE DE APROXIMACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: Niñez migrante; protagonismo infantil; metodologías participativas; etnografía colaborativa
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2025-03-11
publication date: 2025-03-11
starting page: 11
ending page: 41
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2024-N69-3675

Discrimination against South American migrants in Argentina: intersections between gender, social class, and ethnic-national origin
type: item
description: The article analyzes the discrimination experienced by South American migrant men and women (particularly Paraguayans and Bolivians) residing in the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area (AMBA), from an intersectional perspective that includes ethnic-national origin, gender and social class. Using the Grounded Theory strategy, we analyze 24 interviews with migrant men and women of different nationalities and social classes. As a result, we identify kinds of discrimination according to the combinations of axes of oppression. At the intersection between social class and gender, working-class women experience greater labor demands and less integration in their work environments. At the intersection between gender and ethnicity, there are testimonies of sexual harassment and mistreatment in health centers. Associated with the intersection between social class and ethnicity, there are difficulties in accessing or claiming rights, lack of professional recognition in the middle class, and public stigmatization for the working class.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: Class, gender, ethnicity, migrations, discrimination
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2024-12-22
publication date: 2024-12-22
starting page: 306
ending page: 340
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2024-N68-3399

https://polis.ulagos.cl/en/article/view/3313
type: item
title: “The kitchen or the office”. The discussion on renewable energies in decision-making spaces in Chile and the participation of rural inhabitants in them. A critique of the current neoliberal citizenship model
description: The democratic system in Chile establishes the priority of legislative action to the presidential initiative. At the same time, the parliament maintains its role of co-legislator and overseer of public action, representing the inhabitants of its districts in the legislative debate. During the last decade, the State has promoted an active energy infrastructure policy, resulting in the O`Higgins region and its rural areas concentrating the most significant percentage of photovoltaic park projects. This article reviews the Lobby Law hearings and sessions of the Mining and Energy Legislative Commission (2014-2020) to argue that the legislative and policy process lacks a territorial perspective, excluding the voices of rural inhabitants and organizations. It highlights the disconnection between rural habitation and policy formulation, fostering fragmented and clientelist citizenship in these spaces.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: rural citizenship, parliament, renewable energies, neoliberal state, Chile
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2024-12-22
publication date: 2024-12-22
starting page: 273
ending page: 305
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2024-N68-3313

Antinuclear Movements in Latin America: Opposing Nuclear Power in Argentinean Patagonia
type: item
description: This article aims to advance in the exploratory study of resistance to nuclear technology in Latin America. It describes and analyzes protests against the construction of a nuclear power reactor in the Patagonian province of Río Negro, Argentina. The methodological framework is qualitative, addressing the study of a representative case and integrating contributions from the social studies of science and technology and social movements. The article identifies actors, arguments, and repertoires of collective action in contentious episodes, as well as consequences and results of resistance related to technological processes and collective claim-making. Risk perception and disputes over the environmental justice framework are highlighted, along with several impacts, such as the cancellation of the project, the promulgation of antinuclear legislation, and the formation of the Antinuclear Movement of the Argentine Republic.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: Resistance
  topic: keywords
subject: Nuclear Power
  topic: keywords
subject: Contentious Politics
  topic: keywords
subject: Environmental Justice
  topic: keywords
subject: Grassroots Participation
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c)
date: 2024-12-22
publication date: 2024-12-22
starting page: 245
ending page: 271
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2024-N68-3302

Sexual abuse in Honduras: A psychosocial look from the perspective of the native population
type: item
description: Sexual abuse in Honduras represents a social reality that affects a large part of the population, but it remains hidden, and not sufficiently analyzed. The aim of this study is to broaden knowledge and identify relevant aspects of sexual abuse from the perspective of the native population, and to study possible differences between men and women’s view on sexual violence, as well as to identify possible differences between people from rural and urban areas. In particular, the qualitative method has been used in the research process to allow new dimensions to emerge, using the semi-structured interview. The sample consist of 40 participants with an age range between 15 and 28 years; 20 women and 20 men were selected, half from rural areas and the other half from urban areas. The results show factors that facilitate the sexual abuse: sexuality as taboo, patriarchal culture, poverty, low educational level, overcrowding in homes, transgenerational origin, religious influence, few complaints and aggressor within the family environment.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: Abuse
  topic: keywords
subject: sexuality
  topic: keywords
subject: violence
  topic: keywords
subject: poverty
  topic: keywords
subject: education
  topic: keywords
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2024-12-22
publication date: 2024-12-22
starting page: 213
ending page: 243
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2024-N68-3300

Gender roles and overacting in the face of institutional violence: experiences of relatives of persons deprived of liberty in Chile who participate in the Renaciendo social reintegration program
type: item
description: In this article we explore the roles that relatives of people deprived of liberty play during incarceration, based on the experience of participants in the Renaciendo psychosocial program. The program is a municipal initiative that aims to support social reintegration processes of people residing in the Puente Alto commune who are or have been incarcerated. Using a qualitative approach, grounded theory as a method, and feminist epistemologies, we conducted 5 workshops and 5 semi-structured interviews, both aimed at relatives of people deprived of liberty participating in the program during 2023. Among the findings, we highlight that the relatives were all women, who act in three spheres: private, public, and prison; playing key roles in social reintegration and the protection of rights during incarceration. The interview narratives reflect tensions regarding gender roles, which are combined with acts of economic, legal, and emotional compensation. Using the sociologies of the individual, we argue that family members became hyperactors in the face of institutional violence, revealing the effects of the current prison crisis in Chile.
subject: RESULTADOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
  topic: section
subject: Social reintegration
  topic: keywords
subject: institutional violence
  topic: keywords
subject: gender roles
  topic: keywords
subject: agency
  topic: keywords
subject: hyperactors
  topic: keywords
creator: Tamara Huenullán Garrido
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Polis (Santiago)
date: 2024-12-22
publication date: 2024-12-22
starting page: 183
ending page: 212
doi: 10.32735/S0718-6568/2024-N68-3255